组网需求

图5-18所示,某公司A区和B区的私网用户和互联网相连,路由器上接口GigabitEthernet3/0/0的公网地址为2.2.2.1/24,对端运营商侧地址为2.2.2.2/24。A区用户希望使用公网地址池中的地址(2.2.2.100~2.2.2.200)采用NAT方式替换A区内部的主机地址(网段为192.168.20.0/24),访问因特网。B区用户希望结合B区的公网IP地址比较少的情况,使用公网地址池(2.2.2.80~2.2.2.83)采用IP地址和端口的替换方式替换B区内部的主机地址(网段为10.0.0.0/24),访问因特网。

图5-18  配置动态地址转换组网图

配置思路

配置动态地址转换的思路如下:

  1. 配置接口IP地址、缺省路由和在WAN侧接口下配置NAT Outbound,实现内部主机访问外网服务功能。

操作步骤
  1. 在Router上配置接口IP地址

    <Huawei> system-view
    [Huawei] sysname Router
    [Router] vlan 100 
    [Router-vlan100] quit
    [Router] interface vlanif 100
    [Router-Vlanif100] ip address 192.168.20.1 24 
    [Router-Vlanif100] quit
    [Router] interface ethernet 2/0/0
    [Router-Ethernet2/0/0] port link-type access  
    [Router-Ethernet2/0/0] port default vlan 100 
    [Router-Ethernet2/0/0] quit 
    [Router] vlan 200 
    [Router-vlan200] quit
    [Router] interface vlanif 200
    [Router-Vlanif200] ip address 10.0.0.1 24 
    [Router-Vlanif200] quit
    [Router] interface ethernet 2/0/1 
    [Router-Ethernet2/0/1] port link-type access 
    [Router-Ethernet2/0/1] port default vlan 200
    [Router-Ethernet2/0/1] quit 
    [Router] interface gigabitethernet 3/0/0
    [Router-GigabitEthernet3/0/0] ip address 2.2.2.1 24    
    [Router-GigabitEthernet3/0/0] quit

  2. 在Router上配置缺省路由,指定下一跳地址为2.2.2.2

    [Router] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 2.2.2.2
    

  3. 在Router上配置NAT Outbound

    [Router] nat address-group 1 2.2.2.100 2.2.2.200 
    [Router] nat address-group 2 2.2.2.80 2.2.2.83  
    [Router] acl 2000
    [Router-acl-basic-2000] rule 5 permit source 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255
    [Router-acl-basic-2000] quit
    [Router] acl 2001
    [Router-acl-basic-2001] rule 5 permit source 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
    [Router-acl-basic-2001] quit
    [Router] interface gigabitethernet 3/0/0
    [Router-GigabitEthernet3/0/0] nat outbound 2000 address-group 1 no-pat
    [Router-GigabitEthernet3/0/0] nat outbound 2001 address-group 2 
    [Router-GigabitEthernet3/0/0] quit
    

    如果需要在Router上执行ping -a source-ip-address命令通过指定发送ICMP ECHO-REQUEST报文的源IP地址来验证内网用户可以访问因特网,需要配置命令ip soft-forward enhance enable使能设备产生的控制报文的增强转发功能,这样,私网的源地址才能通过NAT转换为公网地址。缺省情况下,设备产生的控制报文的增强转发功能处于使能状态。如果之前已经执行命令undo ip soft-forward enhance enable去使能增强转发功能,需要重新在系统视图下执行命令ip soft-forward enhance enable

  4. 验证配置结果

    # 在Router上执行命令display nat outbound,查看地址转换结果。

    <Router> display nat outbound
     NAT Outbound Information:
     -----------------------------------------------------------------
     Interface               Acl      Address-group/IP/Interface   Type
     -----------------------------------------------------------------
     GigabitEthernet3/0/0     2000                     1          no-pat
     GigabitEthernet3/0/0     2001                     2           pat
     -----------------------------------------------------------------
      Total : 2     

    # 在Router上执行命令ping,验证内网可以访问因特网。

    <Router> ping -a 192.168.20.1 2.2.2.2
      PING 2.2.2.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break                         
        Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=1 ms                
        Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=1 ms                
        Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=1 ms                
        Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=1 ms                
        Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=1 ms                
    -- 2.2.2.2 ping statistics ---                                           
        5 packet(s) transmitted                                                     
        5 packet(s) received                                                        
        0.00% packet loss                                                           
        round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/2 ms 
    <Router> ping -a 10.0.0.1 2.2.2.2
      PING 2.2.2.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break                         
        Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=1 ms                
        Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=1 ms                
        Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=1 ms                
        Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=1 ms                
        Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=1 ms                
    -- 2.2.2.2 ping statistics ---                                           
        5 packet(s) transmitted                                                     
        5 packet(s) received                                                        
        0.00% packet loss                                                           
        round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/2 ms 
    

配置文件

Router的配置文件

#
 sysname Router
#                                                                               
vlan batch 100 200   
#                                                                               
acl number 2000                                                                 
 rule 5 permit source 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255                                    
#                                                                               
acl number 2001                                                                 
 rule 5 permit source 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255                                       
#
 nat address-group 1 2.2.2.100 2.2.2.200
 nat address-group 2 2.2.2.80 2.2.2.83                      
#                                                                               
interface Vlanif100                                                             
 ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0                                          
#                                                                               
interface Vlanif200                                                             
 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0                                          
#                                                                                
interface Ethernet2/0/0                             
 port link-type access                                                          
 port default vlan 100                                                          
#                                                                               
interface Ethernet2/0/1                
 port link-type access                                                          
 port default vlan 200                                              
#                                                                               
interface GigabitEthernet3/0/0    
 ip address 2.2.2.1 255.255.255.0                                               
 nat outbound 2000 address-group 1 no-pat                                       
 nat outbound 2001 address-group 2
#                                                                  
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 2.2.2.2                          
#                                                              
return  
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