前言

运动数据导出是帮助用户备份和分析数据的重要功能。用户可能需要将运动数据导出到其他应用、分享给教练或进行深度分析。本文将详细介绍如何在Flutter与OpenHarmony平台上实现运动数据导出组件，包括多格式导出、文件分享、批量导出等功能模块的完整实现方案。

Flutter导出数据模型

class ExportConfig {
  final ExportFormat format;
  final DateTimeRange dateRange;
  final List<String> dataTypes;
  final bool includeGPS;
  final bool includeHeartRate;
  
  ExportConfig({
    required this.format,
    required this.dateRange,
    required this.dataTypes,
    this.includeGPS = true,
    this.includeHeartRate = true,
  });
}

enum ExportFormat { csv, json, gpx, tcx }

class ExportResult {
  final String filePath;
  final String fileName;
  final int recordCount;
  final int fileSize;
  
  ExportResult({
    required this.filePath,
    required this.fileName,
    required this.recordCount,
    required this.fileSize,
  });
}

导出配置模型定义了导出的参数选项。支持CSV、JSON、GPX和TCX四种常用格式。dateRange指定导出的时间范围，dataTypes选择要导出的数据类型。includeGPS和includeHeartRate控制是否包含详细的轨迹和心率数据。ExportResult封装导出结果信息，包括文件路径、记录数和文件大小。

OpenHarmony文件导出服务

import fileIo from '@ohos.file.fs';

class FileExportService {
  async exportToCSV(data: Array<object>, fileName: string): Promise<string> {
    let headers = Object.keys(data[0] || {}).join(',');
    let rows = data.map(item => Object.values(item).join(','));
    let csvContent = headers + '\n' + rows.join('\n');
    
    let filePath = globalThis.context.filesDir + '/exports/' + fileName + '.csv';
    await this.ensureDirectory(globalThis.context.filesDir + '/exports');
    
    let file = await fileIo.open(filePath, fileIo.OpenMode.CREATE | fileIo.OpenMode.WRITE_ONLY);
    await fileIo.write(file.fd, csvContent);
    await fileIo.close(file);
    
    return filePath;
  }
  
  async exportToJSON(data: Array<object>, fileName: string): Promise<string> {
    let jsonContent = JSON.stringify(data, null, 2);
    
    let filePath = globalThis.context.filesDir + '/exports/' + fileName + '.json';
    await this.ensureDirectory(globalThis.context.filesDir + '/exports');
    
    let file = await fileIo.open(filePath, fileIo.OpenMode.CREATE | fileIo.OpenMode.WRITE_ONLY);
    await fileIo.write(file.fd, jsonContent);
    await fileIo.close(file);
    
    return filePath;
  }
  
  async exportToGPX(trackPoints: Array<object>, fileName: string): Promise<string> {
    let gpxContent = '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>\n';
    gpxContent += '<gpx version="1.1" creator="FitnessApp">\n';
    gpxContent += '  <trk>\n    <trkseg>\n';
    
    for (let point of trackPoints) {
      gpxContent += `      <trkpt lat="${point['lat']}" lon="${point['lng']}">\n`;
      gpxContent += `        <ele>${point['altitude']}</ele>\n`;
      gpxContent += `        <time>${new Date(point['timestamp']).toISOString()}</time>\n`;
      gpxContent += '      </trkpt>\n';
    }
    
    gpxContent += '    </trkseg>\n  </trk>\n</gpx>';
    
    let filePath = globalThis.context.filesDir + '/exports/' + fileName + '.gpx';
    await this.ensureDirectory(globalThis.context.filesDir + '/exports');
    
    let file = await fileIo.open(filePath, fileIo.OpenMode.CREATE | fileIo.OpenMode.WRITE_ONLY);
    await fileIo.write(file.fd, gpxContent);
    await fileIo.close(file);
    
    return filePath;
  }
  
  private async ensureDirectory(path: string): Promise<void> {
    try {
      await fileIo.mkdir(path);
    } catch (e) {
      // 目录已存在
    }
  }
}

文件导出服务支持多种格式的数据导出。exportToCSV方法生成逗号分隔的表格文件，适合在Excel中打开。exportToJSON方法生成格式化的JSON文件，便于程序处理。exportToGPX方法生成GPS交换格式文件，可以导入到其他运动应用或地图软件。所有文件保存在应用的exports目录下。

Flutter导出设置界面

class ExportSettingsPage extends StatefulWidget {
  final Function(ExportConfig) onExport;
  
  const ExportSettingsPage({Key? key, required this.onExport}) : super(key: key);
  
  @override
  State<ExportSettingsPage> createState() => _ExportSettingsPageState();
}

class _ExportSettingsPageState extends State<ExportSettingsPage> {
  ExportFormat _format = ExportFormat.csv;
  DateTimeRange _dateRange = DateTimeRange(
    start: DateTime.now().subtract(Duration(days: 30)),
    end: DateTime.now(),
  );
  Set<String> _selectedTypes = {'workouts', 'weight', 'steps'};
  bool _includeGPS = true;
  bool _includeHeartRate = true;
  
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(title: Text('导出数据')),
      body: ListView(
        padding: EdgeInsets.all(16),
        children: [
          Text('导出格式', style: TextStyle(fontWeight: FontWeight.bold)),
          SizedBox(height: 8),
          Wrap(
            spacing: 8,
            children: ExportFormat.values.map((format) => ChoiceChip(
              label: Text(_getFormatName(format)),
              selected: _format == format,
              onSelected: (_) => setState(() => _format = format),
            )).toList(),
          ),
          SizedBox(height: 16),
          ListTile(
            title: Text('时间范围'),
            subtitle: Text('${_formatDate(_dateRange.start)} - ${_formatDate(_dateRange.end)}'),
            trailing: Icon(Icons.calendar_today),
            onTap: _selectDateRange,
          ),
          SizedBox(height: 16),
          Text('数据类型', style: TextStyle(fontWeight: FontWeight.bold)),
          CheckboxListTile(
            title: Text('运动记录'),
            value: _selectedTypes.contains('workouts'),
            onChanged: (v) => _toggleType('workouts', v!),
          ),
          CheckboxListTile(
            title: Text('体重记录'),
            value: _selectedTypes.contains('weight'),
            onChanged: (v) => _toggleType('weight', v!),
          ),
          CheckboxListTile(
            title: Text('步数记录'),
            value: _selectedTypes.contains('steps'),
            onChanged: (v) => _toggleType('steps', v!),
          ),
          SizedBox(height: 16),
          SwitchListTile(
            title: Text('包含GPS轨迹'),
            subtitle: Text('导出详细的位置数据'),
            value: _includeGPS,
            onChanged: (v) => setState(() => _includeGPS = v),
          ),
          SwitchListTile(
            title: Text('包含心率数据'),
            subtitle: Text('导出详细的心率记录'),
            value: _includeHeartRate,
            onChanged: (v) => setState(() => _includeHeartRate = v),
          ),
          SizedBox(height: 24),
          ElevatedButton(
            onPressed: _startExport,
            child: Text('开始导出'),
          ),
        ],
      ),
    );
  }
  
  String _getFormatName(ExportFormat format) {
    switch (format) {
      case ExportFormat.csv: return 'CSV';
      case ExportFormat.json: return 'JSON';
      case ExportFormat.gpx: return 'GPX';
      case ExportFormat.tcx: return 'TCX';
    }
  }
  
  String _formatDate(DateTime date) {
    return '${date.year}/${date.month}/${date.day}';
  }
  
  void _toggleType(String type, bool selected) {
    setState(() {
      if (selected) {
        _selectedTypes.add(type);
      } else {
        _selectedTypes.remove(type);
      }
    });
  }
  
  void _selectDateRange() async {
    var picked = await showDateRangePicker(
      context: context,
      firstDate: DateTime(2020),
      lastDate: DateTime.now(),
      initialDateRange: _dateRange,
    );
    if (picked != null) {
      setState(() => _dateRange = picked);
    }
  }
  
  void _startExport() {
    widget.onExport(ExportConfig(
      format: _format,
      dateRange: _dateRange,
      dataTypes: _selectedTypes.toList(),
      includeGPS: _includeGPS,
      includeHeartRate: _includeHeartRate,
    ));
  }
}

导出设置界面让用户配置导出参数。格式选择使用ChoiceChip，时间范围点击后弹出日期选择器，数据类型使用CheckboxListTile多选。GPS和心率数据使用开关控制，因为这些详细数据会显著增加文件大小。配置完成后点击导出按钮开始处理。

OpenHarmony文件分享服务

import common from '@ohos.app.ability.common';

class FileShareService {
  async shareFile(context: common.UIAbilityContext, filePath: string, mimeType: string): Promise<void> {
    await context.startAbility({
      action: 'ohos.want.action.select',
      type: mimeType,
      parameters: {
        'stream': filePath,
      }
    });
  }
  
  getMimeType(format: string): string {
    switch (format) {
      case 'csv': return 'text/csv';
      case 'json': return 'application/json';
      case 'gpx': return 'application/gpx+xml';
      case 'tcx': return 'application/vnd.garmin.tcx+xml';
      default: return 'application/octet-stream';
    }
  }
}

文件分享服务调用系统分享功能将导出的文件分享到其他应用。根据文件格式设置正确的MIME类型，确保接收应用能够正确识别文件类型。用户可以选择通过邮件、云盘或其他应用分享导出的数据文件。

Flutter导出进度组件

class ExportProgressDialog extends StatelessWidget {
  final double progress;
  final String status;
  final VoidCallback? onCancel;
  
  const ExportProgressDialog({
    Key? key,
    required this.progress,
    required this.status,
    this.onCancel,
  }) : super(key: key);
  
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return AlertDialog(
      title: Text('导出数据'),
      content: Column(
        mainAxisSize: MainAxisSize.min,
        children: [
          LinearProgressIndicator(value: progress),
          SizedBox(height: 16),
          Text(status),
          SizedBox(height: 8),
          Text('${(progress * 100).toInt()}%', style: TextStyle(fontWeight: FontWeight.bold)),
        ],
      ),
      actions: [
        if (onCancel != null)
          TextButton(onPressed: onCancel, child: Text('取消')),
      ],
    );
  }
}

导出进度对话框显示导出过程的进度。进度条显示完成百分比，状态文字说明当前正在处理的内容（如"正在导出运动记录…"）。取消按钮允许用户中断导出过程。这种进度反馈在导出大量数据时特别重要，让用户知道应用正在工作。

Flutter导出结果组件

class ExportResultCard extends StatelessWidget {
  final ExportResult result;
  final VoidCallback onShare;
  final VoidCallback onOpen;
  
  const ExportResultCard({
    Key? key,
    required this.result,
    required this.onShare,
    required this.onOpen,
  }) : super(key: key);
  
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Card(
      child: Padding(
        padding: EdgeInsets.all(16),
        child: Column(
          crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
          children: [
            Row(
              children: [
                Icon(Icons.check_circle, color: Colors.green, size: 32),
                SizedBox(width: 12),
                Text('导出成功', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 18, fontWeight: FontWeight.bold)),
              ],
            ),
            SizedBox(height: 16),
            _buildInfoRow('文件名', result.fileName),
            _buildInfoRow('记录数', '${result.recordCount} 条'),
            _buildInfoRow('文件大小', _formatFileSize(result.fileSize)),
            SizedBox(height: 16),
            Row(
              children: [
                Expanded(
                  child: OutlinedButton.icon(
                    onPressed: onOpen,
                    icon: Icon(Icons.folder_open),
                    label: Text('打开文件'),
                  ),
                ),
                SizedBox(width: 12),
                Expanded(
                  child: ElevatedButton.icon(
                    onPressed: onShare,
                    icon: Icon(Icons.share),
                    label: Text('分享'),
                  ),
                ),
              ],
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
  
  Widget _buildInfoRow(String label, String value) {
    return Padding(
      padding: EdgeInsets.symmetric(vertical: 4),
      child: Row(
        mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceBetween,
        children: [
          Text(label, style: TextStyle(color: Colors.grey)),
          Text(value),
        ],
      ),
    );
  }
  
  String _formatFileSize(int bytes) {
    if (bytes < 1024) return '$bytes B';
    if (bytes < 1024 * 1024) return '${(bytes / 1024).toStringAsFixed(1)} KB';
    return '${(bytes / 1024 / 1024).toStringAsFixed(1)} MB';
  }
}

导出结果卡片展示导出完成后的信息。显示成功图标、文件名、记录数和文件大小。提供打开文件和分享两个操作按钮。文件大小自动格式化为合适的单位。这种结果展示让用户确认导出成功并方便后续操作。

总结

本文全面介绍了Flutter与OpenHarmony平台上运动数据导出组件的实现方案。从配置模型到文件生成，从设置界面到进度显示，涵盖了数据导出功能的各个方面。通过多格式支持和便捷的分享功能，我们可以帮助用户灵活地备份和使用自己的运动数据。欢迎加入开源鸿蒙跨平台社区：https://openharmonycrossplatform.csdn.net