安装WSL

硬件：16G内存

系统版本：windows11

启用WSL

wsl --install

安装Linux发行版Ubuntu20.0

wsl --install Ubuntu-20.04

配置国内镜像源

1. 编辑/etc/apt/sources.list文件，原有内容注释，添加以下内容到文件中：

   # 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
   deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
   # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
   deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
   # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
   deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
   # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
   deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
   # deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
   

WSL配置Swap

1. 在 Windows PowerShell 或 CMD 中执行

   notepad "$env:USERPROFILE\.wslconfig"
   

2. 添加以下内容（推荐配置）

   [wsl2]
   # 如果物理内存是 16GB，可以设置 12GB 给 WSL
   memory=12GB
   
   # 使用所有可用核心
   processors=8
   
   # Swap 设置为物理内存的 1-2 倍
   swap=8GB
   
   # 启用嵌套虚拟化（如果需要）
   nestedVirtualization=true
   
   # 启用 DNS 隧道
   dnsTunneling=true
   

3. 创建Swap文件（推荐配置）

   # 创建 8GB 的 Swap 文件
   sudo fallocate -l 8G /swapfile
   sudo chmod 600 /swapfile
   sudo mkswap /swapfile
   sudo swapon /swapfile
   
   # 设置 swappiness（控制 swap 使用倾向，值越小越少使用 swap）
   sudo sysctl vm.swappiness=10
   # 永久生效
   echo "vm.swappiness=10" | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
   

安装nodejs

1. 安装nvm

   # 下载最新版本到nodejs官网查看
   curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.3/install.sh | bash
   

2. 使用nvm安装nodejs

   nvm install 24
   

3. 验证安装结果

   node -v; npm -v
   

安装库和工具集

在Ubuntu20.04中安装如下库和工具集

sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get install -y binutils; sudo apt-get install -y binutils-dev; sudo apt-get install -y git; sudo apt-get install -y git-lfs; sudo apt-get install -y gnupg; sudo apt-get install -y flex; sudo apt-get install -y bison; sudo apt-get install -y gperf; sudo apt-get install -y build-essential; sudo apt-get install -y zip; sudo apt-get install -y curl; sudo apt-get install -y zlib1g-dev; sudo apt-get install -y gcc-multilib; sudo apt-get install -y g++-multilib; sudo apt-get install -y libc6-dev-i386; sudo apt-get install -y libc6-dev-amd64; sudo apt-get install -y lib32ncurses5-dev; sudo apt-get install -y x11proto-core-dev; sudo apt-get install -y libx11-dev; sudo apt-get install -y lib32z1-dev; sudo apt-get install -y ccache; sudo apt-get install -y libgl1-mesa-dev; sudo apt-get install -y libxml2-utils; sudo apt-get install -y xsltproc; sudo apt-get install -y unzip; sudo apt-get install -y m4; sudo apt-get install -y bc; sudo apt-get install -y gnutls-bin; sudo apt-get install -y python3.9; sudo apt-get install -y python-is-python3; sudo apt-get install -y python3-pip; sudo apt-get install -y ruby; sudo apt-get install -y genext2fs; sudo apt-get install -y device-tree-compilersudo apt-get install -y make; sudo apt-get install -y libffi-dev; sudo apt-get install -y e2fsprogs; sudo apt-get install -y pkg-config; sudo apt-get install -y perl; sudo apt-get install -y openssl; sudo apt-get install -y libssl-dev; sudo apt-get install -y libelf-dev; sudo apt-get install -y libdwarf-dev; sudo apt-get install -y u-boot-tools; sudo apt-get install -y mtd-utils; sudo apt-get install -y cpio; sudo apt-get install -y doxygen; sudo apt-get install -y liblz4-tool; sudo apt-get install -y openjdk-8-jre; sudo apt-get install -y gcc; sudo apt-get install -y g++; sudo apt-get install -y texinfo; sudo apt-get install -y dosfstools; sudo apt-get install -y mtools; sudo apt-get install -y default-jre; sudo apt-get install -y default-jdk; sudo apt-get install -y libncurses5; sudo apt-get install -y apt-utils; sudo apt-get install -y wget; sudo apt-get install -y scons; sudo apt-get install -y python3.9-distutils; sudo apt-get install -y tar; sudo apt-get install -y rsync; sudo apt-get install -y git-core; sudo apt-get install -y libxml2-dev; sudo apt-get install -y lib32z-dev; sudo apt-get install -y grsync; sudo apt-get install -y xxd; sudo apt-get install -y libglib2.0-dev; sudo apt-get install -y libpixman-1-dev; sudo apt-get install -y kmod; sudo apt-get install -y jfsutils; sudo apt-get install -y reiserfsprogs; sudo apt-get install -y xfsprogs; sudo apt-get install -y squashfs-tools; sudo apt-get install -y pcmciautils; sudo apt-get install -y quota; sudo apt-get install -y ppp; sudo apt-get install -y libtinfo-dev; sudo apt-get install -y libtinfo5; sudo apt-get install -y libncurses5-dev; sudo apt-get install -y libncursesw5; sudo apt-get install -y libstdc++6; sudo apt-get install -y gcc-arm-none-eabi; sudo apt-get install -y vim; sudo apt-get install -y ssh; sudo apt-get install -y locales; sudo apt-get install -y libxinerama-dev; sudo apt-get install -y libxcursor-dev; sudo apt-get install -y libxrandr-dev; sudo apt-get install -y libxi-dev

缺少依赖导致编译失败

sudo apt-get install autoconf libtool libtool-bin

检查python版本，需要大于等于3.8

配置pip源

mkdir ~/.pip
vim ~/.pip/pip.conf

# 以下内容添加到~/.pip/pip.conf
[global]
index-url = https://repo.huaweicloud.com/repository/pypi/simple/
trusted-host = repo.huaweicloud.com
timeout = 120

获取OpenHarmony源码

1. 注册gitcode账号

2. gitcode配置ssh公钥

   • 生成公钥：ssh-keygen，后面可以无脑回车
   • cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub查看公钥，并配置到gitcode中

3. 安装git和git-lfs（如果未安装）

   sudo apt-get update
   sudo apt-get install git git-lfs
   

4. git配置用户信息

   git config --global user.name Leal
   git config --global user.email lealtan@163.com
   git config --global credential.helper store
   

5. 安装repo工具

   mkdir ~/bin
   curl https://gitee.com/oschina/repo/raw/fork_flow/repo-py3 -o ~/bin/repo 
   chmod a+x ~/bin/repo
   pip3 install -i https://repo.huaweicloud.com/repository/pypi/simple requests
   
   # 设置环境变量
   vim ~/.bashrc
   # 文件末尾添加repo路径信息
   export PATH=~/bin:$PATH
   # 应用环境变量
   source ~/.bashrc
   
   # 验证安装结果
   repo --version
   

6. 获取OpenHarmony主干源码

   # 在根目录新建源码路径
   cd ~
   mkdir ohos_master
   cd ohos_master
   
   # 使用repo + ssh下载
   repo init -u https://gitcode.com/openharmony/manifest.git -b master --no-repo-verify
   repo sync -c
   repo forall -c 'git lfs pull'
   

7. 执行prebuilts脚本，安装编译器及二进制工具

   bash build/prebuilts_download.sh
   

安装编译工具

1. 使用pip安装hb

   python3 -m pip install --user build/hb
   

2. 配置环境变量：~/.local/bin

3. 检查hb安装结果

   hb help